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Compare Malawi (2001) - Korea, South (2002)

Compare Malawi (2001) z Korea, South (2002)

 Malawi (2001)Korea, South (2002)
 MalawiKorea, South
Administrative divisions 24 districts; Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba; note - there may be three new districts named Balaka, Likoma, and Phalombe 9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 7 metropolitan cities* (gwangyoksi, singular and plural); Cheju-do, Cholla-bukto, Cholla-namdo, Ch'ungch'ong-bukto, Ch'ungch'ong-namdo, Inch'on-gwangyoksi*, Kangwon-do, Kwangju-gwangyoksi*, Kyonggi-do, Kyongsang-bukto, Kyongsang-namdo, Pusan-gwangyoksi*, Soul-t'ukpyolsi*, Taegu-gwangyoksi*, Taejon-gwangyoksi*, Ulsan-gwangyoksi*
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.43% (male 2,348,940; female 2,337,290)

15-64 years:
52.78% (male 2,741,622; female 2,825,966)

65 years and over:
2.79% (male 119,283; female 175,149) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 21.4% (male 5,488,808; female 4,875,379)


15-64 years: 71% (male 17,404,645; female 16,894,361)


65 years and over: 7.6% (male 1,434,873; female 2,225,934) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava (tapioca), sorghum, pulses; cattle, goats rice, root crops, barley, vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs, chickens, milk, eggs; fish
Airports 44 (2000 est.) 102 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4 (2000 est.)
total: 69


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 18


1,524 to 2,437 m: 16


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 21 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
38

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
14

under 914 m:
23 (2000 est.)
total: 33


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 31 (2002)
Area total:
118,480 sq km

land:
94,080 sq km

water:
24,400 sq km
total: 98,480 sq km


land: 98,190 sq km


water: 290 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Pennsylvania slightly larger than Indiana
Background Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule, the country held multiparty elections in 1994 under a provisional constitution, which took full effect the following year. National multiparty elections were held again in 1999. After World War II, a republic was set up in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula while a Communist-style government was installed in the north. The Korean War (1950-53) had US and other UN forces intervene to defend South Korea from North Korean attacks supported by the Chinese. An armistice was signed in 1953 splitting the peninsula along a demilitarized zone at about the 38th parallel. Thereafter, South Korea achieved rapid economic growth, with per capita income rising to roughly 20 times the level of North Korea. South Korea has maintained its commitment to democratize its political processes. In June 2000, a historic first north-south summit took place between the south's President KIM Dae-jung and the north's leader KIM Chong-il.
Birth rate 37.8 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 14.55 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$490 million

expenditures:
$523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.)
revenues: $118.1 billion


expenditures: $95.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $22.6 billion (2000)
Capital Lilongwe Seoul
Climate sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November) temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 2,413 km
Constitution 18 May 1994 25 February 1948
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Malawi

conventional short form:
Malawi

former:
British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland
conventional long form: Republic of Korea


conventional short form: South Korea


local long form: Taehan-min'guk


local short form: none


note: the South Koreans generally use the term "Han'guk" to refer to their country


abbreviation: ROK
Currency Malawian kwacha (MWK) South Korean won (KRW)
Death rate 22.81 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.02 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $2.9 billion (2000 est.) $128.2 billion (2001)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Roger A. MEECE

embassy:
Area 40, Plot 24, Kenyatta Road

mailing address:
P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi

telephone:
[265] 773 166

FAX:
[265] 770 471
chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas C. HUBBARD


embassy: 82 Sejong-ro, Chongro-ku, Seoul 110-710


mailing address: American Embassy, Unit 15550, APO AP 96205-0001


telephone: [82] (2) 397-4114


FAX: [82] (2) 738-8845
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Paul Tony Steven KANDIERO

chancery:
2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 797-1007
chief of mission: Ambassador YANG Song-chol


chancery: 2450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 939-5600


FAX: [1] (202) 387-0205


consulate(s) general: Anchorage, Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, and Seattle


consulate(s): Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international dispute with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) Demarcation Line with North Korea; Liancourt Rocks/Take-shima/Tok-do disputed with Japan
Economic aid - donor - ODA $200 million (2000)
Economic aid - recipient $427 million (1999) -
Economy - overview Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 37% of GDP and 85% of export revenues. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In late 2000, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces strong challenges, e.g., to fully develop a market economy, to improve educational facilities, to face up to environmental problems, and to deal with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS. As one of the Four Tigers of East Asia, South Korea has achieved an incredible record of growth and integration into the high-tech modern world economy. Three decades ago GDP per capita was comparable with levels in the poorer countries of Africa and Asia. Today its GDP per capita is roughly 20 times North Korea's and equal to the lesser economies of the European Union. This success through the late 1980s was achieved by a system of close government/business ties, including directed credit, import restrictions, sponsorship of specific industries, and a strong labor effort. The government promoted the import of raw materials and technology at the expense of consumer goods and encouraged savings and investment over consumption. The Asian financial crisis of 1997-99 exposed longstanding weaknesses in South Korea's development model, including high debt/equity ratios, massive foreign borrowing, and an undisciplined financial sector. Growth plunged by 6.6% in 1998, then strongly recovered to 10.8% in 1999 and 9.2% in 2000. Growth fell back to 3.3% in 2001 because of the slowing global economy, falling exports, and the perception that much-needed corporate and financial reforms have stalled. Led by industry and construction, growth in 2002 was an impressive 5.8%, despited anemic global growth.
Electricity - consumption 950 million kWh (1999) 254.08 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 3 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 1.025 billion kWh (1999) 273.2 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
2.44%

hydro:
97.56%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 61%


hydro: 1%


nuclear: 38%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m

highest point:
Sapitwa 3,002 m
lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m


highest point: Halla-san 1,950 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations air pollution in large cities; acid rain; water pollution from the discharge of sewage and industrial effluents; drift net fishing
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Chewa, Nyanja, Tumbuko, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese)
Exchange rates Malawian kwachas per US dollar - 80.0946 (December 2000), 59.5438 (2000), 44.0881 (1999), 31.0727 (1998), 16.4442 (1997), 15.3085 (1996) South Korean won per US dollar - 1,317.01 (January 2002), 1,290.99 (2001), 1,130.96 (2000), 1,188.82 (1999), 1,401.44 (1998), 951.29 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
36-member Cabinet named by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
Bakili MULUZI reelected president; percent of vote - Bakili MULUZI (UDF) 51.4%, Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA (MCP-AFORD) 44.3%
chief of state: President ROH Muh-hyun (since 25 February 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister KO Kun (since 27 February 2003); Deputy Prime Minister KIM Chin-p'yo (since 27 February 2003)


cabinet: State Council appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation


elections: president elected by popular vote for a single five-year term; election last held 19 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2007); prime minister appointed by the president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation


election results: results of the 19 December 2002 election - ROH Muh-hyun elected president, took office 25 February 2003; percent of vote - ROH Muh-hyun (MDP) 48.9%; YI Hoe-chang (GNP) 46.6%; other 4.5%
Exports $416 million (f.o.b., 2000) $159.2 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Exports - commodities tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, peanuts, wood products electronic products, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, steel, ships; textiles, clothing, footwear; fish
Exports - partners South Africa 16%, Germany 16%, US 15%, Netherlands 7%, Japan (1999) US 20.7%, China 12.1%, Japan 11.0%, Hong Kong 6.3%, Taiwan 3.9% (2001)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band white with a red (top) and blue yin-yang symbol in the center; there is a different black trigram from the ancient I Ching (Book of Changes) in each corner of the white field
GDP purchasing power parity - $9.4 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $931 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
37%

industry:
29%

services:
34% (1998 est.)
agriculture: 4%


industry: 42%


services: 54% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $900 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $19,400 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 5.8% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 30 S, 34 00 E 37 00 N, 127 30 E
Geography - note landlocked strategic location on Korea Strait
Heliports - 204 (2002)
Highways total:
16,451 km

paved:
3,126 km

unpaved:
13,325 km (1997)
total: 87,534 km


paved: 65,388 km (including 1,996 km of expressways)


unpaved: 22,146 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 25% (1998 est.)
Imports $435 million (f.o.b., 2000) $146.6 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Imports - commodities food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods, transportation equipment machinery, electronics and electronic equipment, oil, steel, transport equipment, textiles, organic chemicals, grains
Imports - partners South Africa 43%, Zimbabwe 14%, UK 5%, Germany 5%, Zambia, Japan, US (1999) Japan 18.9%, US 15.9%, China 9.4%, Saudi Arabia 5.7%, Australia 3.9% (2001)
Independence 6 July 1964 (from UK) 15 August 1945 (from Japan)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 6.5% (2002 est.)
Industries tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods electronics, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel, textiles, clothing, footwear, food processing
Infant mortality rate 121.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 7.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 29.5% (2000) 2.8% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO AfDB, APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IEA (observer), IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2001) 11 (2000)
Irrigated land 280 sq km (1993 est.) 11,590 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts Supreme Court (justices are appointed by the president with the consent of the National Assembly)
Labor force 3.5 million 22 million (2001)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 86% (1997 est.) services 69%, industry 22%, agriculture 10% (2001)
Land boundaries total:
2,881 km

border countries:
Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km
total: 238 km


border countries: North Korea 238 km
Land use arable land:
34%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
20%

forests and woodland:
39%

other:
7% (1993 est.)
arable land: 17.44%


permanent crops: 2.05%


other: 80.51% (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally Korean, English widely taught in junior high and high school
Legal system based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction combines elements of continental European civil law systems, Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - UDF 48%, MCP 34%, AFORD 15%, others 3%; seats by party - UDF 94, MCP 66, AFORD 29, others 4
unicameral National Assembly or Kukhoe (273 seats total - 227 elected by direct, popular vote; members serve four-year terms); note - beginning in 2004, all members will be directly elected; possible redistricting before 2004 may affect the number of seats in the National Assembly


elections: last held 13 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - GNP 133, MDP 115, ULD 17, other 8; note - the distribution of seats as of January 2002 is: GNP 136, MDP 118, ULD 15, DPP 2, independents 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
37.08 years

male:
36.61 years

female:
37.55 years (2001 est.)
total population: 74.88 years


male: 71.2 years


female: 78.95 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
58%

male:
72.8%

female:
43.4% (1999 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 99.3%


female: 96.7% (1995 est.)
Location Southern Africa, east of Zambia Eastern Asia, southern half of the Korean Peninsula bordering the Sea of Japan and the Yellow Sea
Map references Africa Asia
Maritime claims none (landlocked) contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: not specified


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM; between 3 NM and 12 NM in the Korea Strait
Merchant marine - total: 501 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,679,171 GRT/9,172,403 DWT


ships by type: bulk 104, cargo 160, chemical tanker 47, combination bulk 6, container 52, liquefied gas 16, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 73, refrigerated cargo 25, roll on/roll off 5, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 5, includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, Bulgaria 1, China 1, Greece 1, Japan 1, Malaysia 1, Norway 1, Panama 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches Army (includes Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (includes paramilitary Mobile Force Unit) Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, National Maritime Police (Coast Guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $9.5 million (FY00/01) $12.8 billion (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.76% (FY00/01) 2.8% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,466,708 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 14,194,960 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,265,893 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 8,990,488 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 394,397 (2002 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 6 July (1964) Liberation Day, 15 August (1945)
Nationality noun:
Malawian(s)

adjective:
Malawian
noun: Korean(s)


adjective: Korean
Natural hazards NA occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common in southwest
Natural resources limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite coal, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum, lead, hydropower potential
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - petroleum products 455 km; note - additionally, there is a parallel petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) pipeline being completed
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA, president]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Gwanda CHAKUAMBA, president, John TEMBO, vice president]; Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA, president]; National Independence Party; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Eston KAKHOME, president]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI] - governing party Democratic People's Party or DPP [CHO Sun, chairman]; Grand National Party or GNP [YI Hoe-chang, president]; Millennium Democratic Party or MDP [leader NA]; United Liberal Democrats or ULD [KIM Chong-p'il, honorary chairman, KIM Chong-ho, acting president]


note: on 20 January 2000, the National Congress for New Politics or NCNP was renamed the Millennium Democratic Party or MDP
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Federation of Korean Industries; Federation of Korean Trade Unions; Korean Confederation of Trade Unions; Korean National Council of Churches; Korean Traders Association; Korean Veterans' Association; National Council of Labor Unions; National Democratic Alliance of Korea; National Federation of Farmers' Associations; National Federation of Student Associations
Population 10,548,250

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
48.324 million (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 54% (FY90/91 est.) 4% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate 1.5% (2001 est.) 0.85% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba Chinhae, Inch'on, Kunsan, Masan, Mokp'o, P'ohang, Pusan, Tonghae-hang, Ulsan, Yosu
Radio broadcast stations AM 9, FM 4 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 3 (1998) AM 104, FM 136, shortwave 5 (2001)
Radios 2.6 million (1997) 47.5 million (2000)
Railways total:
789 km

narrow gauge:
789 km 1.067-m gauge
total: 3,124 km


standard gauge: 3,124 km 1.435-m gauge (661 km electrified) (2000)
Religions Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs Christian 49%, Buddhist 47%, Confucianist 3%, Shamanist, Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way), and other 1%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
fair system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone communications stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: excellent domestic and international services


domestic: NA


international: fiber-optic submarine cable to China; the Russia-Korea-Japan submarine cable; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 37,000 (1997) 24 million (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,000 (1997) 28 million (September 2000)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1999) 121 (plus 850 repeater stations and the eight-channel American Forces Korea Network) (1999)
Terrain narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains mostly hills and mountains; wide coastal plains in west and south
Total fertility rate 5.18 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.72 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 3.1% (2002 est.)
Waterways 144 km

note:
on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire Riverall
1,609 km


note: restricted to small native craft
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